Surgery

Platform

The Surgery team supports a wide range of projects across multiple programs at the Allen Institute. The team offers a variety of aseptic rodent surgical procedures ranging from stereotaxic injections to headpost implantation and cranial windowing. The ambitious scientific goals of the Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics involve integration of brain-wide circuit and cell-type mapping, complex optical and electrophysiological techniques, and various behavioral tasks. These projects require surgical preparations that provide the ability to precisely record from multiple brain regions across different behavioral states over extended periods of time. Through cross-team collaborations made possible by the Allen Institute’s unique structure and organization, the Surgery team has developed novel surgical approaches that provide unprecedented access to the brain while ensuring the highest standards of animal health and welfare. Combining decades of aseptic surgical experience with industry-inspired operating principles and data tracking, the Surgery team has established a state-of-the art platform for driving modern systems neuroscience research at scale.

Surgery at Scale

The Surgery team is tasked with performing large numbers of rodent surgeries in support of a variety of projects performed over many months to years.  Performing surgeries at this scale requires a large team of well-trained surgeons who have developed expertise in procedures ranging from simple to complex.  Standardization is achieved through specialized custom tooling, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and rigorous training processes.  The team maintains its high-level of surgical quality by relying on comprehensive quality control and quality assurance measures, which are tracked and analyzed for continued process improvement.

Groblewski et al., “A Standardized Head-Fixation System for Performing Large-Scale, in Vivo Physiological Recordings in Mice,” 2020.

Technical Development

In addition to providing SOP-based surgeries, the Surgery team is critically involved in ongoing technical development.  Through tight collaborations with Scientists, Engineers, and Veterinary staff, the Surgery team is continually developing and refining surgical preparations in support of the evolving scientific goals of the Allen Institute.  Procedures are piloted, iterated on, and streamlined, resulting in standardized protocols that are publicly shared via protocols.io.  In many cases, surgical development requires designing new surgical tooling and/or equipment, designs for which can be freely downloaded via our Hardware website.

Bennett et al., “SHIELD: Skull-Shaped Hemispheric Implants Enabling Large-Scale Electrophysiology Datasets in the Mouse Brain,” 2024.

Dissemination & Training

In addition to training its staff, the Surgery team works with scientific staff from other departments to provide surgical training, certification, and support.  The team also collaborates with, and in some cases trains, surgeons from external institutions through virtual and in-person interactions.  Dissemination of surgical techniques and protocols is achieved through protocols.io, publications in peer-reviewed journals, as well as posters and presentations at conferences.

Our projects

Explore open projects

Cell Types & Learning

We are combining longitudinal in vivo calcium imaging with spatial transcriptomics to investigate how specific cell types restructure their activity during novelty processing and task learning.

Brain-Wide Neuromodulation

We are studying the molecular and anatomical subclasses of neuromodulator neurons and exploring how networks use neuromodulators to drive learning and decision making.

OpenScope

OpenScope provides access to cutting-edge neurophysiological methods to scientists across the world. Similar to astronomical observatories, scientists propose experiments that are then executed at the Allen Institute.

Data platforms accelerate our work

Surgery

The Surgery team offers a variety of aseptic rodent surgical procedures ranging from stereotaxic injections to headpost implantation and cranial windowing.

Neuropixels Electrophysiology

The Neuropixels platform uses pioneering technology for highly reproducible, targeted, brain-wide, cell-type-specific electrophysiology to record neural activity from defined neuron types across the brain.

Brain-Wide Anatomy At Cellular Resolution

The Molecular Anatomy platform combines innovative histology, imaging, and analysis techniques to map the morphology and molecular identity of neuron types across the whole brain.

Fiber Photometry

The Fiber Photometry platform enables optical measurement of neural activity in live animals to study neural circuits' function and dynamics in behaving animals.

Behavior

The Behavior platform uses advanced technology to implement a standardized, modular, multi-task virtual reality gymnasium for mice, with the goal to study brain function across different behaviors at scale.